Date:     Sat, 4 Mar 2006

To:         touring@phred.org

From:    “Michael Ayers” <michael@terminalia.org>

Subject: Gondwana - Bucolic and Beautiful Bhutan

 

Kuzu Zangpo La Phreds,

Sometimes you get exactly what you need, just when you need it.

That was the case for me over the last couple of weeks, as I toured through probably my most anticipated destination, Bhutan, the last Buddhist kingdom in the Himalaya. After many weeks of often hectic, and sometimes mentally taxing, travels in Southeast Asia, with enough vistas of rice paddies to last me for quite a while, I was certainly ready for a change of pace and scene. Bhutan, filled with beautiful environs, beautiful people, and beautiful culture, satisfied that need completely.

Bhutan lies on the southern slopes of the great Himalayas, with the highest peaks of the mighty range forming its border with Tibet. The country falls down to the southern terminus of the mountains, only 150 km to the south where it borders India. Extending just 300 km from east to west, it is therefore not a large country, but its rugged terrain hides that fact. Its highest peaks rise greater than 7,300 meters above sea level, with most of the largest towns placed between 1,400 and 2,400 meters, and the passes, called “La” as elsewhere in the Himalaya, reach intermediate heights. However, at 27º 30’ N degrees latitude, about the same as Tampa, Florida, the climate is not a severe as you might expect.  In fact, it is quite varied, ranging from permanent snow cover on the peaks, to temperate in the towns, to tropical on the Indian border. The country has one of the best records of environmental protection of any, and much of the land is still forested, even that which is accessible by the few roads in the country.

Much of that fact is probably due to Bhutan’s rather unique history and also to its rather unique government. For many centuries, the area of modern Bhutan consisted of loosely related local tribes or societies ruled by various forms of monarchy or theocracy. There was much internal squabbling and some violence, and the area could not be considered a unified country until sometime in the 17th century. Fortunately, from Bhutan’s point of view, the country was never occupied or colonized by any outside nation during the next 300 years, which undoubtedly had a lot to do with its present pleasant circumstances. This was likely due to the rugged terrain and the absence of oil, gold, or other substances so sought after by the expansion-crazed outside world.

Then at the beginning of the 20th century a stronger central government emerged, led by a king with considerable power to determine the fate of the country. In a rare situation, the kings of Bhutan since that time have ruled with the best interests of the citizenry in mind and an aim to protect the environment and culture of the country. This has led to a great deal of respect and admiration towards the monarchy from the public.  In fact, the current king has recently decided to abdicate in 02008, and it is not clear whether a more plural system with a new constitution will take his place, which the king apparently favors, or if his son will take over as king, a situation that would be supported by many people.

One effect of the country’s desire to maintain its environment and culture was that it was closed to most foreigners for most of the 20th century.  When it opened to tourism, some 30 years ago, it did so slowly and deliberately, with tight controls on the type of development that could be built to service tourism. There was also a fixed tariff system put in place, which is quite high compared to most of south Asia, and a requirement to book a guided tour through a registered tour operator.  These rules were put in place to steer the tourism  industry toward high value-low volume customers, and away from strictly budget-minded travelers. However, that doesn’t mean that only rich executives visit Bhutan. In fact, most of the facilities for tourists are relatively simple, though quite nice, but not of the type usually desired by those interested only in luxury vacations. Instead, these circumstances have lead to a situation where only people who are really interested in seeing the country and its culture make the effort to visit. The result has been that with only 10-15 thousand visitors a year (compared to close to 10 million per year in Thailand), tourism is the country’s second largest source of income, after the sale of hydroelectric power to India.

The people of Bhutan are splendid, and put forth a perfect balance of friendliness without being overbearing. There are three groups of people in the country. Those that live in the west, who are related to Tibetans, those in the east, who are related to the hill tribes of northeast India an southern China, and those in the southern foothills, who have origins in Nepal. However, the differences between the groups are often subtle, with linguistic factors being a prime distinction. In addition to the three indigenous languages, English is widely spoken, being favored in education and international relations. In keeping with the policy of cultural preservation, the people are encouraged to wear the traditional dress of the country, and many do. For men, this is a knee-length robe, called a “Gho” made from cotton or silk, usually with a narrow-plaid pattern, and with big white cuffs on the sleeves. Socks that rise to the knee complete the outfit. It’s the kind of clothing that I think I could easily get used to (perhaps not the socks, however). Women wear a “Kira”, which consists of a brightly-colored jacket and a matching skirt. Both are again made from bright patterned silk or cotton.

All of these factors made Bhutan irresistibly intriguing for me as I planned my tour. In fact, if I were not able to work out the whole global tour I may have just done Bhutan alone. Planning was not always easy, however. The tariff of $US 200.00 per day, plus a 40.00/day surcharge for traveling alone, obviously limited the amount of time I could spend in the country. Then there were seasonal concerns. February may not have been the best time as the weather would be a little chilly, the wildflowers would not be at their peak, and, I would miss the spectacular cultural festivals which are held mostly in the spring and fall. On the bright side, there is a 17% discount off the base tariff for traveling in the off-season, so that helped a lot. Additionally, since I booked the trip, and paid the tariff, which covers the guides, all lodging and meals, but not incidentals like drinks, laundry, internet, or souvenirs, over a year ago, well before I left home, it often felt as if I were traveling for free.

When it came time to find an agent, I discovered Jachung Travels (http://www.jachungtravel.com/biking.html), run by a Bhutanese man named Tshering, who now lives in America, just a few blocks away from my first apartment when I relocated to California several years ago. He works in association with a company in Bhutan called Eagle Treks and Tours (www.bhutaneagle.com), run by a man named Pema Wangchuck. Both have experience in setting up cycling trips in Bhutan, and they could not have been more helpful. The Bhutan government prefers that visitors fly at least in or out of the country on the national airline, and, if they do travel by land, that they only use the western border crossing at a town called Phuentsholing.  However, my aversion to flying with the bike grows stronger every day, and my desire to see both the west and east of the country would have made entering and existing at Phuentsholing impractical, not to mention requiring an unpleasant amount of backtracking. Fortunately, Tshering easily secured the necessary special permits from the government to allow me to skip the flight and enter at Phuentsholing and exit at the eastern border crossing at a town, called Samdrup Jongkhar. That made everything much more agreeable to me, and all I needed to do was to get myself and the bike there at the proper date.

As to the route plan, that required a few adjustments later on. There is only one major road in the country, with a few spur roads out to various distant towns. That road makes a rough semi-circular path through the country (clockwise, of course), starting in Phuentsholing, climbing up into the highlands and passing through the main towns in the center of the country, before descending back down to Samdrup Jonghkar in the southeast.  That would then be my route through the country, with a few diversions to take in some extra sights. It would not be easy, however. The main range of the Himalaya runs west-to-east, but on the southern slopes the ranges are oriented more north-to south. That meant that there would be several Las to cross before we were finished. Additionally, as is often the case, the distances between the towns and sights were not always ideal for my daily pace. In the original plan, which called for 10 riding days, there were some fairly short days, and a few that would be impracticably long. I believe that previous cyclists touring in Bhutan were probably not as stubborn as I am when it came to not wanting to ride in the guide’s van if the day’s distance were too great. Once I learned the height of some of the Las I needed to cross, it became clear that some of the days would be too long. So I asked to add an additional day to the trip, and then another later on, requiring a visa extension and the additional tariff from me, which put quite a pinch on my pocket cash (there are no international ATM’s, nor cash advance from Visa/MC available yet in Bhutan.) My tour agents took care of all the paperwork, but they probably thought I was a little strange for wanting to bike 100% of the way when the van was available. When I explained it terms similar to the Buddhist principle of merits and demerits, such that every kilometer traveled on a bike earns me a merit, while every one in a car earns a demerit, I think they understood.

Finally, on to the ride. Arrival turned out to be a bit of a hassle and rather exhausting. It was only 125 flat kilometers from my last stop in Bangladesh to Phuentsholing, so I should have had an easy time getting there by late afternoon of the day before the tour was to begin. Of course, I didn’t count on the Bangla-India border crossing taking a maddening three hours, delaying me substantially. Then there was another annoying mistake on my map (a Nelles map again!) About 50 km before Phuentsholing, at a town called Bipara, it clearly showed a secondary road that took a more direct path to the border, passing through a town called Lanka Para. In Bipara I saw the junction, at which a sign marked “Gontu Bhutan” pointed to the alternate route. I asked a couple of locals if that way went to Bhutan, and was told that it did. So I took that road. After Lanka Para, the road seemed to end, and some Indian soldiers told me that it was not possible to get to Phuentsholing that way after all, but if I turned around and turned north after 10 km, I could get to the Gontu Cement Factory which was in Bhutan. Blech! I had to ride all the way back to Bipara and take the main road after all. By this time it was getting very late, and I rode right up to sunset, but unfortunately had to take a local bus for the final 25 km to the border. I did ride an equivalent distance to the actual route that day, but 30 km of that was the mixed-up detour. It was 6:30 PM when I finally arrived at Jaigaon, the town just on the Indian side of the border from Phuentsholing, and I feared that the border would already be closed. Fortunately, it stays open until 9:00 PM, so I luckily had enough time to cross. Jaigaon and Phuentsholing, just meters apart, make an interesting contrast. Jaigaon was typically Indian, crowded, chaotic, completely commercial, a little worldly, and somewhat treacherous to bike through, especially at night. On the other hand, Phuentsholing, despite being marked with a larger dot on the map, was smaller, quiet, and pretty.  After several minutes of discussions with the border guards and immigration officer, who are not accustomed to international visitors crossing the border there, especially on a bicycle, I had just enough time to meet my guide, check in to the pleasant hotel, and grab some dinner. It turned out to be a frazzling day, but I didn’t care because I was finally in Bhutan.

My guide was a fellow who is several years younger than me, named Tenzing. Quite knowledgeable and easy to talk to, he saw to every last detail.  There was also a driver named Chhetri, and, later on, a cook named Novbin joined our little group. It seemed like quite a crew for just me. This was the first time that I have ever had support on a tour, and while the assistance was appreciated, I could never quite get used to having people wait on me all day long. That’s what comes from cycling independently for 9 months, I suppose.

The first day of the ride was to be from Phuentsholing to Paro, 160 km away, which on normal terrain would be no problem. However, there were still some immigration formalities to deal with in the morning, and the office did not open until nine, so it was about 10:30 when I set out.  Given that Paro is 2,000 meters higher than Phuentsholing I knew that it would be impossible to get there in one day. That was when I chose to add the second additional day to the plan. That helped, but the first day was still a little brutal. I assumed that if we only went halfway to Paro, I would only do half of the elevation gain on the first day. Incorrect. The first 50 km, or so, from Phuentsholing climbed right up to 2,300 m.  Perhaps it was fortuitous that it was foggy all that day, so there were no vistas to distract my attention. The route on that first climb is fairly isolated with only a few small settlements, some isolated homes, and a little light industry. The road on that section was, as it is all the way across the country, one wide lane, which is probably my favorite type these days. Being the main access road between the larger towns in the west of the country and India, all of the international trade passes along that section, with a higher proportion of trucks than elsewhere.  Nevertheless, traffic was several steps lower than in the countries to the south, which was a huge relief. There was still occasionally a little of the annoying horn-honking, but at least the volume of the horns was not as deafening as in Bangladesh. Even better, most of the truck drivers had enough courtesy to slow down a little when we met on a narrower place on the road. What a big difference that made.

It was well into the afternoon when I reached the place for a meal break, where my guides were waiting for me. Bhutanese food is somewhat similar to other Himalayan cuisines, with Tibetan-style dumplings, Nepali rice with Dal, and also its own dishes, like chilies or other vegetables cooked in what is called cheese, but tasted more like a cream sauce to me. I had a sampling of such dishes at a little roadside restaurant, which was more like a private home than a café, while a few other guests watched television (which has only been available in Bhutan within the last decade) while seated around a wood stove. Outside of the tourist hotels, most restaurants in Bhutan are similar to that one. Like most places, there are also little shops in towns, and along the roadways, selling snacks, drinks, sometimes fruit, and other household items. Since my food was included in my package, and was arranged in advance, I really didn’t need to visit the shops as often as I normally would. However, from time to time, I did anyway because I can always use more sugary drinks or snacks, and because I usually try to support small local businesses like those.

There was not much daylight left when I reached the top of the climb, but by then I was pretty close to the halfway point to Paro, and our revised stopping point for the day. So I took advantage of having the guides along and had them follow me down the 300-m descent, illuminating the road with their headlights. At the bottom, in a gorge made by the Wong Chu (Chu is river), was the powerhouse for the Chhukha hydroelectric power station. They have a guest house there that is normally used for officials coming to see the plant, but despite the fact that we arrived unannounced, they got permission for us to stay there that night. It was rather nice, and the staff prepared another hot meal, which was really appreciated after the cold fog of the day.

The following morning was one of the clearest of the tour. That was nice as now I could actually see the mountains surrounding us, which were only ghostly shadows on the previous day. There was only the 80 km left to reach Paro that day, but it was a bit slower than I expected. Climbing up out of the gorge from Chhukha the road gained 500 meters before dropping down about 200 meters into another river valley. From there it rose another 430meters to the high point on the way to Paro, 2,545 meters at Chapcha La. Then there was a 500-m descent before a long 6 km-stretch where the road was under repair and quite bumpy. So it was well into the afternoon by the time I reached the final turn to Paro, where the rivers Pa Chu and Thim Chu meet to form the Wong Chu. I was a little surprised at how rocky the mountains appeared in this area. I don’t really know why that surprised me, probably because I had heard that so much of the country is forested. From there it was an easy 35 km, rolling up and down a little, through the valley to Paro. By then it was late afternoon and the wind and clouds had both picked up, a situation which occurred on almost every day of my visit. In fact, later that evening there was a brief rain shower, the first I had seen for a couple of months.

From Paro, it was an easy 60-km, without any major climbs, to Thimphu, the capital of Bhutan. However, without any need to rush, I put off the ride until the afternoon in order to do some sightseeing in Paro. Most tourists first arrive in Bhutan at Paro, as that is the location of the only airport (built there because few other places had enough flat ground to contain a runway,) so there are many sights and facilities geared to tourists there. I visited the ruins of Druk Gyul, an old fort from the early days of the country, while there, another clear morning allowed a view of 7,314-meter high Jumolhari, one of the big peaks in the main Himalaya range. That turned out to be my only view of the tall peaks (I’m sure there will be more next month,) while in Bhutan. I also visited the National Museum, which has an excellent collection, but it’s the 17th-century watchtower that houses the museum that is the real attraction. It is largely in its original state and walking around the narrow stone passages made the artifacts on display seem much more real and interesting.

Finally, there was a visit to the Paro Dzong. Dzongs are classic Himalayan structures, many of which date back several hundred years. They were originally fortresses, and so are designed with a tall outer wall, painted white with a red band around the top, signifying a religious structure, with a timberframe interior, including elaborate, painted wooden decorative elements similar to those on a traditional Bhutanese home, surrounding a central courtyard and a single tall tower. Today the dzongs are half government/administrative centers and half for the monk bodies.

In addition to the main sights, Paro town itself was quite nice, being the first town I saw that contained a large number of beautiful traditional homes. The standard design, which is encouraged in most cases, consists of usually three stories, with wooden window panels each with three tall, thin openings, all painted with colorful patterns. Similar ornamentation is placed on eaves and doorways. The stucco, wood, or stone walls are often painted with stylized figures of animals, either real of mythical, as well as... ahem...fertility symbols. Even when built with basic materials, or worn down from years of exposure to the elements, these homes, seen throughout the country, add a charming and distinctive feel to the landscape.

The next day was spent off the bike in the capital, Thimphu. It was the first day off I’d had since I left Dhaka, and I needed it in the worst way. Thimphu is the largest town in the country, though with a population somewhere around 50,000, it is tiny by the standards of other world capitals. Pretty and relaxed, it is quite pleasant to stroll around, though with only one main commercial street several blocks long it does not take long to take in all the sights. I spent the morning overspending for souvenirs, watching townspeople participating in the national pastime, archery, and sampling the fare from some of the only international restaurants in the country, including the only really good bakery I’d seen in weeks. In the afternoon my guides showed me some of the sights at the edge of the city.

The next day had a moderately easy route scheduled, though I made it slightly harder by making a wrong turn after leaving Thimphu, adding 15-20 km to the distance. Once back on track, I began the climb over the first high pass, Dorcha La. It was close to my ideal for a mountain ascent, with a grade that was just right, and some nice vistas. In contrast to the mountains on the first two days, these were thickly covered with broadleaf and conifer forests and huge red and white rhododendrons were blooming in many places. Dorcha La topped out at 3,220 meters, after a climb of 900 meters, and by then the afternoon clouds had moved in bringing the temperature down substantially. The good fortune of the day continued with the descent, which picked up the pace by dropping 1,900 meters to the town of Punakha. The road was in fairly good shape so that went by rather quickly. The highlight of the day was a visit to the Punakha Dzong, which is ideally located at the confluence of two pretty rivers, one that has glacial origins and one that does not. The Punakha Dzong is one of the larger, and possibly the most beautiful, in the country. Even better was that the central temple was open to visitors that day. I have now seen many temples in Southeast Asia, all of which have the same basic design. A large image of Buddha sits at one end of a large hall, often surrounded by many smaller images and other beautiful objects. The hall and the rest of the structure are always ornately decorated, but this particular temple set the standard for beauty and elegance, with spectacular frescos and detailed art on every windowsill and ceiling frame. It was all the more inspiring thanks to the small number of visitors in the Dzong at that particular time. The day finished several kilometers further on, near the town of Wangdue Phodrang, at a nice place on the banks of the Sankosh River.

The following day’s terrain was the harder converse of the previous day’s, with an 1,850 meter climb and only a 940-meter descent. The grade on the way up was slightly steeper, and a bit of fog obscured some of the views.  However, there was plenty to see, as the road ran midway up a wide gorge for a considerable distance, giving vistas of both the river below and the peaks above. I was especially impressed by the farmhouses that rested several hundred meters high on the opposite side of the gorge, with terraces below for growing crops, and no access, save for a tiny footpath winding up from the river. Along the way I spotted a troupe of perhaps twenty or thirty Ashen Langurs, fairly large monkeys with a mop of white hair on their heads, a black face, and a long tail. In contrast to the macaques common throughout Asia, which are not our most attractive primate cousins, these frisky creatures were quite pleasant to look at. As the climb progressed the clouds grew thicker, the temperate dropped to 3C, the grade became steeper, and the roads became softer and bumpy in places.  Making things seem even more tiring, a low pressure system slowly passed overhead, causing my altimeter to give false high readings. The actual height of the summit of Pele La was 3,420 meters. Near the summit, in the dense fog, I saw my first Yaks. A group of three of the big shaggy black bovines were milling about right in the roadway. Yaks are brought down to the lower elevations of Bhutan during the winter months, and I was glad I had the chance to see some while I was there. The evening was spent at a small traveler’s rest stop called Chendebji, where we all slept in a candlelit room kept warm by a wood-fired stove.

The next day was set to be a moderately long one with another high pass on the way. The skies had cleared by morning and the start of the day was really nice. The road once again ran midway up a gorge for a considerable distance, but then, within sight of the town of Trongsa, turned away from the town and dropped a few hundred meters down to the river below. All along the way were beautiful little waterfalls and blooming yellow Daphne trees. At the river, the road turned back towards Trongsa and began the first climb of the day. Trongsa seemed like a nice little town, with a pretty Dzong. It would have been nice to spend a little time there, but that was a casualty of our itinerary changes. The climb continued, for a total of 1,340 meters, to Yatong La at 3,425 meters, followed by a descent of 900 meters. At the base of that descent, I had arrived in a region of the country called Bumthang. Along that section of the route there was a high concentration of especially beautiful homes, some with ladies sitting out front working looms to produce woven fabrics, a craft for which Bhutan is famous. I took the opportunity to visit a nearby shop displaying these products, and bought some which I later sent home. Shortly I arrived at Jakar, the main town of the region, where we spent the night at a very nice, rustic lodge with a superb view of the Bumthang river.

Bumthang is as far to the east as many visitors go in Bhutan. Not me, as my thoughts were still geared towards heading east, and the next day was one of the toughest so far. There were two high passes to ascend, in fact, the two highest of the route. The climb to Sha Thang La, the first of these began shortly after leaving Jakar. It was 1,000 meters up to the first summit at 3,590 meters, with another, larger, herd of Yaks to be seen along the way. After a small descent of 490 meters I stopped at a small creek crossing where my guides were waiting, having prepared a nice lunch over an open fire, one of the tastiest of my visit. The fuel was appreciated as there was still another 850 meters of climbing to do to the second summit of the day, the majestic Thrumshing La at 3,780 meters.  However, while the sun was shining over Sha Thang La, keeping the temperature at a pleasant 20 C, the afternoon clouds had blown in over Thrumshing La, dropping the environs to a chilly 3C.

At this point, there was a little uncertainty and confusion in our plans.  I wanted to get as far as I could that day, in order to make the following day as short and easy as possible. However, I had just learned that after Thrumshing La there was a 3,200 meter descent. I have never seen anything even close to that incredible drop, and I had a strong desire to do it all at once. We had planned to camp that night at a place called Sengor, 20 km beyond Thrumshing La. I told my guides that I wanted to either camp at the top or the bottom of the descent, and when I asked whether Sengor was at the bottom, they said it was. I was suspicious as 3,200meters over 20 km would have been a 16% grade, which could have been possible, but seemed unlikely. At the summit, there was only about a hour of daylight remaining, so I wasn’t going to get farther than Sengor in any case. In the end, my suspicions were correct and Sengor was only about a quarter of the way down the hill. So, I would have to pass on the one long descent and do the rest the next morning.

That may not have been a bad thing after all as the morning was bright and sunny once the Sun had climbed high enough to burn the early fog off. The descent was not especially fast as the road was narrow in places and there were few spots where slides had messed up the surface. With that and occasionally stopping to take photographs, admire more great waterfalls, and rest my hands, it took a few hours to travel the remaining 60 km and 2,300meters of the descent. Though it was split in two parts, my first >3,000meters descent was quite impressive, at the summit there was snow on the ground, while near the base, oranges and bananas were growing. At the bottom, the road crossed the Kuru River, and began another 1,000 meter climb to the day’s destination, the small town of Mongar. I wanted that day to essentially be a rest day, but that last climb was more than I expected, and after all the climbing over the past few days I was feeling quite tired on the way up. Nevertheless, I arrived at 1:00 PM, and had the rest of the day to relax. Mongar is a typically pleasant Bhutanese town, and later in the afternoon I slowly strolled around a little, looking at the decorated buildings and peeking into some of the little shops around the town. It was nice that we finally stayed right in the center of town, with enough time in the day left to look around a little, as opposed to some of the previous few days, where there wasn’t much time to experience village and town life and see the interesting people there. Later, I took another walk after dark to see what a town in Bhutan was like at night. It’s illustrative to say that in Mongar there were about a dozen dogs sleeping right in the middle of the main street at 8:00 PM that night. That’s the kind of tranquility that I could really get used to.

The only other event of note occurred at 2:14 AM the next morning, when a moderate earthquake roused me from my sleep. It was a tremor of about 5.8 Richter, with and epicenter about 120 km to the southeast. The shaking was only moderate, however, lasting maybe 10-15 seconds. Having experienced a few similar tremors while living in the Bay Area, and still desperate for rest, I rolled over and went right back to sleep. The dogs out in the street were a little more disturbed, and barked loudly for what seemed like 20 minutes. Gondwanaland is still crashing into Asia, and the Himalaya grew imperceptibly taller that night.

The next day was an interesting side trip that was suggested by my tour agents, to the north, away from the main road, and to the small out-of-the-way town of Lhuntse. That town lies 75 km north of Mongar, so the return trip would make for a rather long day. Fortunately, the afternoon rest the day before helped a lot, and I felt fairly strong again. With so little flat ground available, towns in eastern Bhutan are usually located at the top of ranges, and both Mongar and Lhuntse are at 1400-1600 meter elevation, with the Kuru River deep in the valley below.  In an unusual situation the road heads up the river valley, but drops down to the river level, so I actually lost considerable altitude while heading up river. Midway along the route, that changed and the road climbed back up to Lhuntse, making a U-shaped elevation profile. None of that mattered too much, as the route was one of the most spectacular I have ridden in quite a while. The Kuru River was an amazingly pretty sight and would be a whitewater enthusiast’s dream. The environs changed a bit along the way, being more lush and green at the Mongar end, and drier and more open near Lhuntse. Red Flame trees and pink and white Hibiscus bloomed along the river. The surrounding mountains were rugged and tall, and on occasion the folds in the rock strata due to the uplift caused by the Indian collision could be easily seen. The people of the area obviously do not see international tourists very often and frequently gazed at me with puzzled expressions, a situation that I have become familiar with over the years.  The town of Lhuntse is very small with more basic, less ornamented, buildings and few services. There is an impressive Dzong there, which hovers over the town on the precipice of a hill. It was a nice visit, and I was happy that I had the chance to go there. The only disappointment was that, once again, the skies were too hazy to get a view of the Himalayan peaks just to the north. The return ride was a little more business-like as the afternoon clouds has arrived, and I had just enough daylight to make it back to Mongar.

The following day was a comparatively light one, which was nice. The route was 90 km to the only significant town in the far east of the country, Trashigang. There was one significant climb, to Kori La, which was a few hundred meters higher than I expected. The climb rose a “mere” 750 km, to the 2,450 meter high summit. The highlight for me was a nice sighting of a Rufous-Necked Hornbill, one of several species of huge-billed birds found in Asia. Hornbills were supposed to be easy to see in parts of Thailand, but I struck out there, so I was glad to make up for that here. The one I saw was a female, so it did not have the huge “casque” on its bill that males do, but its bill was giant nonetheless, and it was an extremely impressive creature. I was able to watch it fly from tree to tree around a small, forested river gorge. After Kori La there was a welcome 1,630 meter descent, through a beautiful valley filled with several attractive homes and a nice old monastery. The final stretch to Trashigang involved a couple of small climbs to reach the town, which lies at 1,200 meters, and with a moderately short distance I arrived with enough time to relax and get a feel for the town. I enjoyed Trashigang, which has a typically relaxed feel, with many attractive buildings, a pretty Dzong, and a beautiful setting, spilling along the curving hills at the top of the ridge. Sadly, though, it marked the eastern most extent of my route and only one day remained.

Of course, that last day turned out to be one of the most tiring of the tour. There is little along the 180 kms between Trashigang and the border town of Samdrup Jongkhar. When I first saw that on the itinerary, I thought that 180 km is a reasonable distance with gentle terrain, but that since it would all be downhill it would be fairly easy in a single day.  Wrong again. The terrain was much more severe then I expected, with a total of 2,350 meters of climbing and 3,150 meters of descent. I started early, and made it up the 1,570 meter climb to Yangphu La (which, annoyingly, had its stupa and group of prayer flags, which always mark the summits, placed 250 meters below the actual top of the climb,) reasonably early in the day. The next 80 km rolled up and down, and included a 500-m climb and a couple of smaller ones as well. Those really started to take their toll and my pace slowed considerably. By the time the final descent began there was not much daylight remaining. Unfortunately, there were some soft and narrow sections of road, and so the descent was not very fast. There was still 30-40 km to go when the last of the light disappeared. Not wanting to give in and stop the ride early, I took advantage of the presence of my guides once again and had them follow behind me, illuminating the road again. After an annoying delay while my guide dealt with an immigration official who was displeased with the paperwork we brought, we finally arrived in Samdrup Jongkhar.

That brought my tour of Bhutan to a close, satisfied that I successfully traversed my first foray into the Himalaya, I was nonetheless a little sad that it was over. It was everything that I had hoped for, though it would be nice to return someday, at a different time of year when the skies are clearer and the festival season is in full swing. All in all, there were a total of 14,900 meters of ascents (and descents) on just the major climbs.  Having successfully avoided the need to travel in the van with the guides, the number of kilometers traveled by bicycle earned me 1,145 merits and 0 demerits.  Good for me.

Now, on to India and Nepal.

 

Kadinche La,

Mike

 

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The Tour of Gondwana

May 02005 - Oct 02007

http://www.terminalia.org/tour